1、人工關節的功能評定有哪些？
(一)人工髖關節置換術後的評定
除了一般內容的評定外，由於人工髖關節置換手術本身直接影響術後康復計劃，康復治療師還應了解手術的詳細情況:①假體的位置:假體應按正常解剖位置放入標準的髖臼假體位置是前傾15°±10°，外翻40°±10°，股骨假體旋前5°~10°②手術入路對關節
穩定性的影響:全髖關節置換術(totalhipreplacement，THR)切口後入路很少出現髖關節伸展內收外旋位的不穩前入路較少引起髖關節屈曲不穩，正側入路特別是關節囊完整者，在髖關節屈伸活動時最為穩定③臨床評定:人工髖關節置換術後的效果受手術病種關節假體種類固定方式手術技術及術後康復等方面的因素影響術後評定系統是衡量手術成功與否的重要依據，通過對上述因素和術後恢復情況的評定，形成一個手術效果的結論
目前，Harris標准和Charnley標准已被大多數國家的醫生所接受，成為國際會議上普遍應用的評定標准在此，我們介紹由美國Harris在1969年提出的評分法(表11-5-1)內容主要包括疼痛功能關節活動度及畸形4方面，得分90~100分為優，80~89分為良，70~79分為中，70分以下為差
表11-5-1人工全髖關節置換術Harris評分法(滿分100分)
(二)人工膝關節置換術後的評定
詳細了解患者原發疾病有關因素(包括病程及經過，既往治療手段及效果診斷等)，局部膝關節情況，全身狀態及並發症，精神心理智力狀態，年齡性別經濟能力及社會背景資料等人工膝關節置換術的效果評定有多種方案，其中HSS膝關節評分系統最為常用(表11-5-2)
根據這一評分系統，將臨床療效分成優(>85)良(70~84)中(60~69)和差(
2、什麼是Mckay髖關節功能評分標准？
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3、醫學論文摘要翻譯（英譯漢）
Unit to discuss the purpose of the summary of the pedicle bone graft in the prevention of young and middle-aged intracapsular femoral neck fracture caused by the type of femoral head necrosis the role of a retrospective analysis of the methods of Chinese medicine hospital in Hubei Province 2001.3 ~ 2007.5 treated young and middle-aged femoral neck fracture Case of 55 cases of type capsules were used hollow nail joint stock side pedicle bone grafting and hollow nailing alone, the patients were followed up in July to 7 years, an average of 3.6 years. Comparing the two projects, including pre-operative time, surgical time, the quality of rection, fracture healing rate, the rate of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, hip function. Joint operation results of the surgery a long time, preoperative preparations for a relatively short time, a joint operation reset the quality of surgery, the rate of healing, osteonecrosis of the femoral head were significantly better than the hollow nail group, hip joint function score is better than surgery alone Operation. The conclusions of the young and middle-aged patients with intracapsular femoral neck fracture type, select the hollow nail shares plus side muscle pedicle bone grafting effect is better than simply hollow fixation group